第152章 少刷抖音 多巴胺制造的快乐陷阱会毁掉你
Digital Addictions Are Drowning Us in Dopamine
电子设备成瘾使我们沉溺于多巴胺中
By Anna Lembke
Over the course of my career as a psychiatrist， I have seen more and more patients who suffer from depression and anxiety. Their problem isn't trauma， social dislocation or poverty. It's too much dopamine， a chemical produced in the brain associated with feelings of pleasure and reward.
作为一名精神病医生，在我的职业生涯中，我看到越来越多的病人身受抑郁症和焦虑症的困扰。他们的问题不是因为精神创伤、社会脱位或贫困，而是因为多巴胺过量，这是一种产生于大脑之中，和人体愉悦感、回报感有关的化学物质。
When we do something we enjoy， the brain releases a little bit of dopamine and we feel good. But one of the most important discoveries in the field of neuroscience in the past 75 years is that pleasure and pain are processed in the same parts of the brain and that the brain tries hard to keep them in balance. Whenever it tips in one direction it will try hard to restore the balance by tipping in the other.
当我们做自己享受的事情时，大脑会释放少量的多巴胺，于是我们感到快乐。但过去75年神经科学领域最重要的发现之一，就是大脑中处理愉悦和痛苦的区域是相同的，而且大脑努力使二者保持平衡。当我们的情绪向一边倾斜时，大脑会通过倾向另一种情绪，竭力恢复二者的平衡。
Our brains evolved this fine-tuned balance over millions of years in which pleasures were scarce and dangers ever-present. The problem today is that we no longer live in that world. Instead， we now live in a world of overwhelming abundance. The quantity， variety and potency of highly reinforcing drugs and behaviors has never been greater.
我们的大脑在数百万年的时光里进化出了这种微妙的平衡。那时，快乐是稀缺的，而危险无处不在。如今的问题在于，我们不再生活在那个世界了。相反，我们生活在一个物质过剩的世界，从未有过如此数量庞大、种类繁多、效力强劲、能令人轻易上瘾的事物，包括一些药物以及上瘾性的行为。
Yet despite increased access to all of these feel-good drugs， we're more miserable than ever before. Rates of depression， anxiety and suicide are increasing all over the world， especially in rich nations.
然而，尽管现在更容易获取那些让我们感觉良好的事物，我们却比以往任何时候都更悲惨。抑郁症，焦虑症和自杀发生的概率在世界范围内都有所提升，尤其在一些富有的国家。
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